Africa

In the Economic Freedom Ranking of 2022, Algeria ranked among the bottom third of global countries due to its inadequate enforcement of property rights and the imposition of high tariff and non-tariff trade barriers, hindering the competitiveness of…

Angola’s Economic Freedom Ranking is dragged down by lack of price stability and inefficient processes of starting, operating and closing business. Heavy constraints on investment capital flow and overdependence on hydrocarbons limit investment…

This report assesses the business environment in Cameroon, focusing on the regulatory environment, stability of the financial system, FDI intake, labour market flexibility and skillset, trade openness, mobility infrastructure, ICT adoption and…

Côte d’Ivoire is facing significant challenges in its business environment due to prevalent corruption, inadequate infrastructure, and a crucial shortage of skilled professionals. Additionally, the country's ICT sector is underdeveloped, higher…

Egypt's performance in Business Freedom was subpar in 2022, with fiscal instability, low government transparency, and bureaucratic hurdles in starting and running businesses. The country also faces a significant gender employment gap, stringent…

Ethiopia ranks in the bottom third in the global Economic Freedom Ranking in 2022, due to an unfavourable business environment, with limited monetary and labour freedom. Skills shortages, poor transport and ICT infrastructure, as well as restrictive…

Ghana ranks in the bottom half in the Index of Economic Freedom, due to a lack of microeconomic stability and worsening fiscal health. Additionally, skills shortages impede the development of high value-added sectors, while the underdeveloped ICT…

In the Economic Freedom Ranking, Kenya falls in the bottom third globally, with its weakest performance in Trade Freedom and Fiscal Health. The low accessibility of higher education limits the availability of skilled labour, hindering the business…

Morocco continues to rank as an average performer in terms of Economic Freedom, with its lowest scores in the Labour Freedom and Tax Burden Pillars. Morocco also faces substantial trade barriers, with a worsening score in terms of tariff rates and…

Rampant corruption and poor enforcement of property rights continue to hinder Nigeria’s business environment, while heavy constraints on investment capital flow deter potential investors. Nevertheless, Nigeria ranks among the global leaders in labour…

South Africa continues to rank in the bottom half of the Economic Freedom Index, due to the high tax burden, skills shortages and poor fiscal health. However, the country benefits from a stable and sound financial system, high market capitalisation,…

Tanzania’s operational and regulatory environment faces difficulties, due to the weak rule of law, resulting in an economy lacking freedom. Although the investment environment has improved, there are still constraints, and the country ranks low…

This report assesses the business environment in Tunisia, focusing on the regulatory environment, stability of the financial system, FDI intake, labour market flexibility and skillset, trade openness, mobility infrastructure, ICT adoption and…

Uganda’s economic environment remains not free, due to corruption, which hampers business operations, and poor government management of infrastructure projects, hindering progress, despite foreign investment aimed at improving the country’s…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Algeria covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Angola covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Cambodia covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Egypt covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Ethiopia covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Ghana covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Kenya covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Morocco covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Australia covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in South Africa covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

The commodities country overview provides comprehensive data on production, consumption and price trends on key commodities markets. The commodities overview in Tunisia covers production and consumption trends in agricultural commodities, energy…

In 2023, Algeria's economy expanded by 3.8%, exceeding the regional average, driven by robust growth in private expenditure. Nonetheless, near-term economic growth is anticipated to slow down, with persistent risks stemming from volatile global oil…

In 2023, Angola’s real GDP growth slowed to 1.2%, hindered by a drop in oil revenues, as well as subdued domestic demand. Moreover, inflation rebounded in the second half of 2023, largely due to the removal of fuel subsidies and a depreciating…

The report examines the economic landscape of Cameroon and provides information on major monetary indicators, foreign trade and government finance. The economy expanded in real terms in 2023, driven by exports, private consumption, investments.…

In 2023, Côte d’Ivoire’s GDP growth slowed to 5.1%, but it outperformed the Middle East and Africa’s average of 2.4%. The economy was boosted by increases in private spending, public consumption and exports, despite a challenging global economic…

Egypt's economy grew in 2022, driven by increased exports, growth in manufacturing and construction, as well as strong Suez Canal activity. Nevertheless, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has induced uncertainty over tourist arrivals, while weakening…

In 2023, Ethiopia’s GDP grew by 6.1% in real terms, but its GDP per capita remained lower than the regional average. The country’s economic growth was driven by an increase in private spending, although sluggish public consumption, and weak gross…

In 2023, Ghana’s economy slowed, with GDP growth of 2.0% in real terms. The slowdown was attributable to macroeconomic instability, a significant surge in inflation, and decreases in exports and investment. However, the economy is projected to…

In 2023, Kenya’s economy grew by 4.7%, outperforming the average for the Middle East and Africa, driven by private spending, public consumption and a recovery in tourism. Despite challenges like high public debt and cost of living increases, the…

In 2023, Morocco’s economy showed a degree of resilience, with GDP growth of 2.4%, surpassing the regional average, driven by private spending, a recovery in the tourism sector and a slight increase in exports. However, slow public consumption and…

In 2023, Nigeria’s real GDP growth slowed to 2.7%, due to disruptions caused by the Central Bank’s policy changes and a liquidity crunch. Nevertheless, the economy outperformed the Middle East and Africa’s average growth. Nigeria’s economic…

In 2023, South Africa’s GDP growth slowed to 0.6% – underperforming compared to the Middle East and Africa’s average of 2.3%. Increased private and public spending, and a rise in gross fixed capital formation supported the economy during 2023;…

In 2023, Tanzania's GDP grew by 5.3%, driven by increased private and public spending, and broadened tax collection. GDP per capita remained lower than the regional average however. Tanzania's economy is expected to expand at a CAGR of 6.2% over…

The report examines the economic landscape of Tunisia and provides information on major monetary indicators, foreign trade and government finance. The economy expanded in real terms in 2023, driven by exports, private consumption, government…

In 2023, Uganda’s GDP growth slowed to 4.6%, but still surpassed the average in the Middle East and Africa. The country’s economic performance was driven by increased private and public spending, and a surge in exports, particularly coffee and gold.…

Algeria is poised to see an increase in the number of households from 2022 to 2027, with couples with children remaining dominant. In 2022, household spending was impacted by a 9.7% inflation rate, leading to increased living expenses. The most rapid…

Household numbers in Angola are expected to see a moderate increase from 2022 to 2027, with couples with children remaining the most prevalent household type. In 2022, household spending faced challenges due to a 14.9% inflation rate, leading to…

The number of households is set to increase moderately, while the average household size will shrink in Cameroon over 2023-2028. Couples with children will remain the dominant household type but the fastest household expenditure growth is forecast to…

The number of households in Egypt is set to increase moderately over 2022-2027, with couples with children remaining the leading household type. In 2022, household spending was affected by high inflation, which contributed to rising living costs. The…

In Ethiopia, there is a projected moderate increase in the number of households from 2022 to 2027, with couples with children continuing to be the predominant household type. In 2022, household spending was impacted by a 33.9% inflation rate, leading…

From 2022 to 2027, Ghana is expected to see a modest increase in the number of households, with extended households remaining the predominant type. In 2022, elevated inflation, standing at 31.8%, added to the increased cost of living. Over the medium…

The number of households in Kenya is set to continue increasing between 2022 and 2027, with other (extended) households continuing to be the leading household type. In 2022, household spending faced challenges due to a 7.7% inflation rate, leading to…

Household numbers in Morocco are expected to rise from 2022 to 2027, with couples with children remaining the most common household type. In 2022, inflation, which stood at 6.7%, affected household spending, increasing living expenses. Single person…

In Nigeria, the number of households is expected to see a moderate increase from 2022 to 2027, with couples with children remaining the predominant household type. In 2022, household spending was impacted by an inflation rate of 18.8%, leading to…

In the coming years, South Africa is predicted to see a rise in the number of households, particularly single person households, which continue to be the largest and fastest growing household type. In 2022, household spending was impacted by a 7%…

The number of households is set to increase moderately, while the average household size will shrink in Tunisia over 2023-2028. Extended ("Other") households will become the dominant household type but the fastest household expenditure growth is…