Western Europe

Discounters benefited from increased consumer budget consciousness in Denmark in 2023. Although the Danish economy as a whole was performing well in 2023, individual consumers still felt pressure from higher energy bills and interest payments. This…

Discounters in Belgium registered a marked slowdown in growth in current value terms in 2023. This came despite the continued inflationary environment, which meant that value proved to be the most important factor when consumers were doing their…

Direct selling in Turkey registered a further fall in constant values sales in 2023. A shift away from direct selling to e-commerce led to a drop in sales, as e-commerce also provides the convenience of direct delivery. In fact, direct selling was…

As COVID-19 restrictions were eased and shops re-opened in 2022, some consumers turned away from direct selling and showed more interest in going out again and visiting physical retail outlets. However, in 2023, consumers showed renewed interest in…

After years of strong growth during the review period, direct selling in Switzerland recorded decline in 2023, although sales remained above pre-pandemic levels. Local consumers returned to shopping outside of the home, visiting stores more…